Special to USAfrica magazine (Houston) and USAfricaonline.com, the first Africa-owned, US-based newspaper published on the Internet.
Dr. Chidi Amuta is Executive Editor of USAfrica, since 1993.
The anxiety preceding the hunger protests was palpable. The dress rehearsals on the part of officialdom were warlike. Government unleashed all manner of attack dogs to frighten off the planners of an over popularized nationwide protest wrongly captioned EndBadGovernment. A nationwide protest without specific demands is doomed to fizzle out in futility once government disperses the mobs.
Nonetheless, the militant dress rehearsal approached the dimension of a war preparation. And to think that the entire preparation for this war was aimed at the same people who a few months earlier had been begged and cajoled to troop out and vote for this ‘Renewed Hope” regime, This raises many questions about the true origins and meaning of democracy especially in the Third World. One of the mascots of the season, Senate President Godswill Akpabio taunted the people with a cruel joke just before the protest date: “We will be eating while you are protesting”!
The entire war -making apparatus of the state was invoked and kept on standby. The police did what it does best: threaten people with a brutal clampdown. The secret police was in its usual elements: uncovering plots, weaving familiar conspiracy theories and in some cases conducting preemptive arrests of suspected trouble makers. The impression went out that government was preparing for a full scale war against an external adversary rather than seeking to engage and assuage a populace that is facing unprecedented hunger, hardship and deprivation. The compassionate face of an elected government has been replaced by the dark face of a blood thirsty monster.
In fairness, some public figures tried to address the hunger at a populist elementary level. The First Lady was reported to have handed out bags of rice to groups of women in Ibadan, just as the federal government reportedly began mass sales of bags of rice at N40,000 a piece just as presidency was announcing a cash bonanza of N50,000 to each of 10,000 Niger Delta youth ostensibly at the behest of Mr. Asari Dokubo, famous Niger Delta professional thuggery contractor.
Some regime trouble makers went around threatening innocent people with violence and mayhem. Rented thugs went around Lagos threatening innocent people with violent visitations, arson and mayhem if they dare join the hunger protest. Some phantom traditionalists in Lagos quickly concocted a sudden Oro festival to take place the night preceding the day of the planned protests. In Imo State, hired gunmen attacked innocent law enforcement and other people, killing some to warn others against participating in the planned protests.
A diversity of masked groups came into being, parading their own legitimate rights to protest against the protests and protesters. Reportedly, an emergency business of protest contracting sprang to life as politicians handed out various sums of cash to groups to stage counter-protests and plead the case of the Tinubu government.
The judiciary was not left out in the dress rehearsals. The government and its agents rushed to courts to file suits to get injunctions restricting protests to some controlled enclosures like parks, gardens, stadia etc.
The protests have kicked off. On the first day, a few arrests have been made. Quite a few people have been shot to death. Some warehouses have been looted and property destroyed. In a few remarkable instances, the protesting mobs have breached the cordon of police and military security to dare officialdom. In one remarkable instance, protesters trooped to the home of former president Muhammadu Buhari, seekig answers to the beginniings of the present hardship which many place squarely at his footsteps. No one knows where he was when the visitors came calling and what he will eventually tell them when he encounters them eventually.
Though still in its early stages, the protests have raised a number of troubling concerns. The most momentous episodes have taken place in the northern urban centres of the country. This is in spite of earlier politically induced oppositions to the protests by organized northern youth groups. The pattern of seriousness of the protests in the north is clearly reflective of the statistical reality that the northern states contain some of Nigeria’s poorest populations. If the political elite of the region is sensitive to the plight of these people, the protests ought to show them clearly where the crisis of hunger and poverty lies in the country.
The relative seriousness of the protest in Abuja is a different message. Abuja is the crucible of our national portrait. The conscious elite, the masses of ordinary folk who just want to get by, the concentration of a detribalized and nationalized population is in Abuja. Ethnic bigots, religious zealots, professional thugs hardly have a dominating presence here. Abuja people could be said to be driven by the idealism of national unity and equality of opportunity which lay behind the creation of the city. Consciousness of civil and democratic rights can be expected to be at its highest in Abuja hence the pointed engagement of the Abuja protesters with law enforcement agents. Also, there is the unstated reality that Abuja is the home of international diplomatic presence in Nigeria. The police and security people have no choice than to behave themselves in their handling of the Abuja protesters.
Lagos is a different matter at this moment. It is the home base of President Tinubu. But it is also Nigeria’s most cosmopolitan city, the home of commerce and big business. In their response to the protest, we can see the tightrope that Lagosians have to walk between the libertarian essence of modern life and the home base of a political supremo. The experience of the 2023 presidential elections in which Tinubu was trounced by Mr. Peter Obi in Lagos remains fresh. A combination of thuggery, violence and creative election tallying were deployed to neutralize the political tsunami of 2023 from sweeping off Governor Sanwo-Olu. A variant of this combination was used to secure a peaceful protest this time around. The Lagos protesters sent home their message without the feared violence and mayhem.
At the back of the Lagos message this time around was the need to send home the message to Mr. Tinubu that Nigeria under his watch is in severe disrepair. But of course he retains the political support of the South West.
Easily the most problematic national question that has been raised by the pattern of this protest is the position of the Igbos of the South East as a nationality in Nigeria. In the run up to the protests, Mr. Bayo Onanuga, Tinubu’s spokes man accused Mr. Peter Obi of the Labour Party of solely inspiring the protests with the support of IPOB and the Igbos as a nationality. This spurious and reckless charge was of course denied both by Mr. Obi and political and opinion leaders of the South East. This led to a slew of campaigns by Igbo leaders on the need for the Igbo all over Nigeria to protest themselves and their assets from those who might hide under the protests to assault them or loot their properties. In the immediate run up to the protests, Igbo political and opinion leaders pointedly ordered that there would be no protests in any of the five South East states. Instead, the protest days were to be observed as “sit at home” days to ensure peace and calm all over the zone. This was obeyed to the letter. There was no protest anywhere in the South East. On his part, Mr. Peter Obi, who has never presented as an Igbo leader but rather a detribalized national leader and believer in the best democratic principles, went out to join the protests.
The distancing of the Igbo from the protests and similar nationwide expressions of belonging to Nigeria has in recent times presented a picture of ethnic isolation. This is in response to what has become the systemic alienation and marginalization of the Igbo from the mainstream of national affairs. This is unfortunate.
We cannot build a truly united nation by creating and sustaining a culture of conscious alienation of any group from the mainstream of national affairs. We have gradually created a psychology of “otherness” among the Igbo from the rest of the national society. It remains doubtful whether the task of democratic governance of Nigeria can proceed in an atmosphere of conscious and orchestrated divisiveness. Both Buhari and Tinubu have converted this isolation psychology into an informal philosophy of state policy.
Over and above matters of sectional consideration, the protests have tremendous significance for Mr. Tinubu’s presidency and indeed Nigerian democracy. Whichever way the ongoing protests end, they have delivered yet another verdict on the administration in its first year. When the mob troops out all over the country to demand an end to bad governance, it is a clear verdict on the administration. The Tinubu administration is negatively marked. It is doubtful how it can redeem its image to inspire hope and confidence in a people that have passed a verdict on it.
At the level of presidential responsibility, Mr. Tinubu has so far failed on this protest. He should have addressed the nation, appealed to the populace and
tried to engage the people. But more like his predecessor, he has maintained an arrogant aloofness and worrying silence at a time of national emergency.
Even then, the administration needs to rise above its immediate challenges to retool its approach. Tinubu needs a more serious cabinet and an inner core of thinkers instead of politicians and debt collectors. He needs to reach out and spread out to the rest of the nation and free himself from the embrace of ancestry which has made his administration a narrow ethnocentric collective of friends and relations. More importantly, the president needs to make an effort to embrace the republican culture of constitutional democracy instead of carrying on like a typical African emperor president.
USAfrica: Wrong to attack The New York Times for hardships in Nigeria report. By Chido Nwangwu
